What does the concept of self-actualization refer to?

Self-actualization refers to the process of realizing and fulfilling one's potential and capabilities, leading to personal growth and self-improvement. This concept is rooted in humanistic psychology, particularly in the work of Abraham Maslow, who placed self-actualization at the top of his hierarchy of needs. It involves striving to become the best version of oneself and seeks to understand personal values, creativity, and the pursuit of long-term goals.

In contrast, the other options emphasize different aspects of human motivation. Recognition by others reflects social needs, basic survival focuses on physiological requirements, and fulfilling social obligations pertains to societal expectations. None of these encompass the broader and more introspective journey characterized by self-actualization. The correct answer thus highlights the individual’s quest for personal growth and fulfillment, essential for achieving a sense of completeness and purpose in life.